우정과 충성의 가치를 보여준 사무엘상 20장
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1. 다윗과 요나단
나욧으로 잠시 피신했던 다윗은 상황을 파악한 후 다시 요나단을 찾아갔습니다. 너네 아빠 대체 왜 그러니 등의 하소연도 있을 것이고 앞으로의 계획도 논의해야 겠고요. 다윗은 요나단을 통해 사울의 진짜 의중을 알고 싶었고 요나단의 도움을 받아 계획을 세우기 시작합니다.
1. Then David fled from Naioth in Ramah and came and said before Jonathan, "What have I done? What is my guilt? And what is my sin before your father, that he seeks my life?" 2. And he said to him, "Far from it! You shall not die. Behold, my father does nothing either great or small without disclosing it to me. And why should my father hide this from me? It is not so." 3. But David vowed again, saying, "YOUR father knows well that I Have found favour in your eyes, and he thinks, 'Do not let Jonathan know this, lest he be grieved.' But truly, as the Lord lives and as your soul lives, there is but a step between me and death." 4 THEN Jonathan said to David, "Whatever you say, I will do for you." 5. David said to Jonathan, "Behold, tomorrow is the new moon, and I should not fail to sit at table with the king. But let me go, that I may hide myself in the field till the third day at evening. 6 If your father misses me at all, then say, 'David earnestly asked leave of me to run to Bethlehem his city, for there is a yearly sacrifice there for all the clan.'
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2. 다윗의 제안과 요나단의 충성 확인
요나단과 상의를 하는 가운데 다윗은 만일 내게 잘못이 있다면 너가 나를 직접 죽여 달라고까지 합니다. 요나단이 생각해도 자기 아빠가 너무 심하다고 여긴 거죠. 그래서 요나단은 전적으로 다윗 편을 들어주기로 합니다. 그래서 아버지가 뭘 하려고 하면 너에게 알려주겠다고 합니다.
7. If he says, 'Good' it will be well with your servant, but if he is angry, then know that harm is determined by him. 8 Therefore deal kindly with your servant, for you have brought your servant into a covenant of the Lord with you. But if there is guilt in me, kill me yourself, for why should you bring me to your father?" 9. AND Jonathan said, "Far be it from you! If I knew that it was determined by my father that harm should come to you, would I not tell you?" 10 Then David said to Johanathan, "Who will tell me if your father answers you roughly?" 11 And Jonathan said to David, "Come, let us go out into the field." So they both went out into the field.
그리고 둘은 비밀 계획에 들어갑니다. 요나단과 사울은 하나님을 증인 삼아 맹세를 하며 반드시 알려주겠다고 하고 안전한 곳으로 피신시키겠다고 합니다. 그렇지 않으면 하나님이 나를 벌하실 것이다, 라며 진정성을 보여줍니다.
12. And Jonathan said to David, "The Lord, the God of Israel, be witness! When I have sounded out my father, about this tim etomorrwo, or the third day, behold, if he is well disposed towards DAVid, shall I not then send and disclose it to you? 13 But should it please my father to do you harm, the Lord do so to Jonathan and more also if I do not disclose it to you and send you away, that you may go in safety. May the LORD BE With you, as he has been with my father. 14 If I am still alive, show me the steadfast love of the LORD, that I may not die; 15 and do not cut off? your steadfast love from my house fore ever, when the Lord cuts off every one of the enemies of David from the face of the earth." 16 ANd Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, "May the Lord take vengeance on David's enemies." 17 And Jonathan made David swear again by his love for him, for he loved him as he loved his own soul.
그리고 요나단은 다윗에게 말합니다. 내가 살아 있는 동안 여호와의 인애를 베풀어 달라. 내가 죽은 뒤에도 내 집안을 끊지 말라고 부탁합니다. 다윗 역시 그 요청을 받아들이고 두 사람은 여호와 앞에서 언약을 맺습니다. 요나단은 다윗을 자신같이 사랑했다고 성경은 말하고 있습니다. 이 때문에 다윗과 요나단이 예사롭지 않은 관계가 아닌가 하는 추측이 난무했었죠.
어떻게 아버지보다 친구를 선택할 수 있나 싶은 생각도 있지만 다윗은 유력한 차기 권력인데다, 본인이 생각해도 아버지가 오락가락 무능하니 요나단 입장에서는 다윗에게 충성하는 것이 가장 현명한 선택이었을 수도 있다고 봅니다.
3. new moon 초하루의 계획
초하루가 되면 왕실의 특별한 식사가 있는 날로 보입니다.
요나단은 그날 행사에서 다윗에게 내일 화살로 신호를 주겠다고 합니다. 안전한지 불안전한지를 화살 방향으로 알려주겠다는 거죠.
18. Then Jonathan said to him, "Tomorrow is the new moon, and you will be missed, because your eat will be empty. 19 On the third day go down quickly to the place where you hid yourself when the matter was in hand, and remain beside the stone heap. 20 And I will shoot three arrows to the side of it, as though I shot at a mark. 21 AND behold, I will send the young man, saying, 'Go, find the arrows.' If I say to the young man, 'Look, the arrows are on this side of you, take them,'then you are to come, for, as the Lord lives, it is safe for you and there is no danger. 22 But if I say to the youth, 'LOok, the arrows are beyond you', then go, for the Lord has sent you away. 23 And as for the matter of which you and I have spoken, behold, the Lord is between you and me for ever."
24 So David hid himself in the field. ANd when the new moon came, the king sat down to eat food. 25 The king sat on his seat, as at other times, on the seat by Saul's side, but David's place was empty.
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4. 네 번째 섹션 제목
섹션을 나눠 가독성을 높이세요.
26. Yet Saul did not say anything that day, for he thought, "Something has hapened to him. He is not clean; surely he is not clean."
초하루 첫날, 사울은 다윗이 오지 않았지만 특별한 말을 하지 않았습니다. 율법에 따르면 사람이 부정하면 정결 의식을 마치기 전까지는 종교 행사나 공동 식사에 참여할 수 없기 때문에, 사울은 다윗이 일시적으로 부정한 상태라고 생각했을 수 있습니다.
27 But on the second day, the day after the new moon, David's place was empty. And Saul said to Jonathan his son, "WHy has not the son of JESSE come to the meal, either yesterday of today?" 28 Jonathan answered Saul, "David earnestly asked leave of me to go to Bethlehem. 29 He said, 'Let me go, for our clan holds a sacrifice in the city, and my brother has commanded me to be there. So now, if I have found favour in your eyes, let me get away and see my brothers.'For this reason he has not come to the king's table."
둘째 날에도 다윗이 오지 않자 사울은 요나단에게 이유를 묻고, 요나단은 사전에 다윗과 짰던 계획대로 다윗이 가족 제사 참석을 위해 베들레헴으로 갔다고 말합니다. 사울은 그제야 깊은 빡침이 시작됩니다.
5. 패역한 계집의 자식
선오브비치나 마더퍼커 니에미 어쩌고 저쩌구 하는 동서양에서 아주 패륜적인 욕이 갱스터 무비 등에는 틈만 나면 이런 욕이 난무하는데요. 대체 이런 욕의 근원은 어디서 나오나 싶었는데 성경에서도 있었네요.
직역하면 패역한 계집의 자식은 어머니를 모욕하는 가장 심한 욕설 중 하나입니다. you son of a perverse, rebellious woman 이라니요. 그것도 왕의 입에서 나온 욕입니다. 자기 아들에게 말입니다. 일타 쌍피로 아들에게 욕을 하는 구만요.
사울 입장에서는 아들이 아버지인 자기 편이 아닌 친구 다윗 편을 드니 그런 쌍욕이 나오는 것도 무리가 아니었을 수도 있었을 겁니다. 그러나 요나단은 정의로운 사람이었습니다. 아버지에게 대항합니다. 대체 다윗이 무슨 죄를 지었다고 죽이려고 하느냐고 반박합니다. 그러자 사울은 요나단마저 죽이려고 창을 던졌습니다. 요나단은 아버지가 진짜 다윗을 죽이려고 한다는 것을 확실히 깨닫게 됩니다.
30 Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said to him, "You son of a perverse, rebellious woman, do I not know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame, and to the shame of your mother's nakedness? 31 For as long as the son of Jesse lives on the earth, neither you nor your kingdom shall be established. Therefore send and bring him to me, for he shall surely die." 32 Then Jonathan answered Saul his father, "Why should he be put to death? What has he done?"33 But Saul hurled his spear at him to strike him. So Jonathan knew that his father was determined to put David to death. 34 And Jonathan rose from the table in fierce anger and ate no food the second day of the month, for he was grieved for David, because his father had disgraced him.
6. 다윗을 찾아가는 요나단
둘의 우정은 가히 아름답습니다. 부당한 아버지에게 맞서며 다윗에게 몸을 숨기라고 조언하고 또한, 안전하게 도망가게 해주는 데 두 사람은 눈물을 흘리면서 이별하였습니다.
35 In the morning Jonathan went out into the field to the appointment with David, and with him a little boy. 36 And he said to his boy, "Run and find the arrows that I shoot." As the boy ran, he shot an arrow beyond him. 37 And when the boy came to the place of the arrow that Jonathan had shot, Jonathan called after the boy and said, "Is not the arrow beyond you?" 38 And Jonathan called after the boy, "Hurry! Be quick! Do not stay!" So Jonathan's boy gathered up the arrows and came to his master. 39 But the boy knew nothing. ONLY Jonathan gave his weapons to his boy and said to him, "Go and carry them to the city." 41 And as soon as the boy had gone, David rose from beside the stone heap and fell on his face to the ground and bowed three times. AND they kissed one another and wept with one another, David weeping the most. 42 Then Jonathan said to David, "GO in peace, because we have sworn both of us in the name of the Lord, saying, 'THe LORD shall be between me and you, and between me and you, and between my offspring and your offspring, for ever.'" And he rose and departed, and Jonathan went into the city.
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위대한 요나단
다윗은 출중한 능력으로 인해 무능한 왕의 미움을 받았을 뿐인데, 그런 그를 신분 차이 이런 것도 안 따지고 무조건, 도와주는 요나단의 강직함이 더 존경스럽습니다. 다윗을 죽이면 요나단은 자연스럽게 왕이 될 수 있고 충분히 업적을 남길 수 있을 만큼 모든 면에서 완벽하였지만 요나단은 다윗에게 충성을 다합니다. 충성보다 정의로운 진실의 편에 섰다고 볼 수 있겠네요.
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